InfoSec management activities and responses

CS 404/504 & ECE 404/504 Real-time Control Systems

Spring Semester 2008

Instructors: Dr. Paul W. Oman (McClure 409; 885-6899; oman@cs.uidaho.edu) and
Dr. Brian Johnson (BEL 214; 885-6902; bjohnson@ece.uidaho.edu)

Class: TuTh 9:30 to 10:45 in BEL 205

Course Credits: 3 credits

Intended Audience:

CS, CompE, and EE students interested in real-time control systems such as those found in Process Control Systems (PCS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, and Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP).
ME, ChemE, and CE students interested in the integration and automation of factory control systems, and the reliability, security and survivability of those controls.

Course Description: This course teaches the principles of Real-Time Control Systems (RTCS) used in Process Control Systems (PCS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems (SCADA) and Critical Infrastructure Systems (CIS). Topics to be covered include social issues, historical and modern applications, utility protocols (e.g., TCP/IP, UCA, DNP), reliability modeling (e.g., RBD), risk assessment (e.g., PRA), and survivability assessment (e.g., SSA). Hands-on experience with sensor systems and real-time polling or publishing will come from assignments utilizing the Model Power System, MILS embedded systems testbed, SCADA testbed, and the SEL SCADA test racks. Field trips to a hydroelectric dam, electric power substation, water/sewage treatment plant, and/or an automation conference will be arranged. Students will gain and understanding and appreciation for the complexities of real-time control systems used in electric power, water distribution, oil and natural gas controls, and other critical infrastructures.

Course Grading: A point system will be used for grading. Your semester grade will be based on the cumulative number of points you have earned by the last day of finals week. Graduate students are expected to do more work -- and better work -- than undergraduates. Grades will be assigned as follows:

CS/ECE 404 Students

A: 351 to 410 points

B: 312 to 350 points

C: 273 to 311 points

D: 234 to 272 points

F: < 234 points

CS/ECE 504 Students

A: 369 to 410 points

B: 328 to 368 points

C: 287 to 327 points

D: 246 to 286 points

F: < 246 points

Every course work task will have a maximum number of points that you can earn. Your earned points for each work task are based on your performance in that task. Only exceptional performance will earn you maximum points. Points are assigned as follows:

Midsemester Exam: 100 points

Final Exam: 200 points

Field trips: 60 points max.

Project: 40 points max.

Bonus activities: 10 points max.

Field trips: There will be field trips to see existing real-time control systems used at the Lower Granite or Dworshak hydroelectric dams, AVISTA electric power substation, City of Moscow sewage treatment plant, Schweitzer Engineering Labs factory, and/or the Western Power Delivery Automation (WPDAC) conference in Spokane (Apr. 6-9). You can earn up to 60 points total for field trips. You earn 10 points for attending a field trip and an additional 10 points for a written description of that trip, but your total field trip points cannot exceed 60. A template for field trip reports is available here. Field trip reports are due within 72 hours.

Projects Guidelines: Each student is expected to do a semester project, worth 40 points. Large projects may be team efforts involving 2 to 3 students, but team projects must be 2 to 3 times as large or complicated as individual projects. All projects require a research paper write-up or in-class presentation. All projects require instructor approval and scheduling prior to beginning the task. Topic approval will be granted on a first-come, first-served basis with only one student or team approved for each specific topic. All projects must be approved by February 19 and completed by April 23. Project topics are available here.

Bonus Activities: Throughout the semester opportunities will arise where your participation can earn a few (e.g., 2 or 3) bonus points. Attending a seminar or presentation on real-time controls, for example. These opportunities and the points you can earn will be announced in class as they come up. Bonus activity reports are due within 48 hours.

Cheating and Plagiarism: Anyone caught copying or stealing another person`s work will receive a zero for that entire work task, whether it is a test, paper, project, or presentation. Anyone caught plagiarizing another person`s work, from printed or electronic sources, will receive a zero for that paper, project, or presentation. Anyone caught sharing work with other classmates, unless they are working on an approved team project and the sharing is restricted to teammates, will receive a zero for that project. Note that plagiarism is not just copying other people`s writings, it includes all instances of passing off someone else`s work as if it is your own. If you use other people`s work, cite that work in a footnote or reference list.

Tentative Reading List and Schedule

I. SCADA, PCS, CIS and RTCS Defined (Jan. 20-27)

B. Berry, A Fast Introduction to SCADA Fundamentals and Implementation, DPS-Telecom, 4955 East Yale Avenue, Fresno, CA93727. Available here or via controlled download at http://www.dpstelecom.com/white-papers/scada/offer.php.
Wikipedia, Process Control, The Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia. Available here or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_control.
[optional reading] J. Moteff & P. Parfomak, Critical Infrastructure and Key Assets: Definition and Identification, Congressional Research Service, U.S. Library of Congress, Oct. 1, 2004. Available here or www.fas.org/sgp/crs/RL32631.pdf.
D. Shea, Critical Infrastructure Control Systems and the Terrorist Threat, Congressional Research Service, U.S. Library of Congress, Feb. 21, 2003. Available here or www.fas.org/irp/crs/RL31534.pdf.
A. Gambier, Real-time Control Systems: A Tutorial, Automation Laboratory, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. Available here or http://ascc2004.ee.mu.oz.au/proceedings/papers/P150.pdf.

II. Toward Networked Automation (Jan. 29-Feb. 10)

G. DiFrank, "The Power of Automation," IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, Vol 14, No. 2, March-April 2008, pp. 49-57. Available here or through IEEE Explore when accessed from a UofI IP address at http://www.ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4487124&isnumber=4487109.
S. Brown, "Applying Internet Technology to Utility SCADA Systems," Utility Automation, Vol. 5(5), September 2000, pp. 25-26. Available here.
D. Wallace, "How to Put SCADA on the Internet, " Control Engineering, Sept. 2003, pp. 16-21. Available here.
J. Montague, "Free at Last: How to Use Wireless on the Plant Floor, " Control Engineering, July 2003, pp. 22-29. Available here.
T. Godart, R. Kelley, and B. Fesmire, "Metering Automation: Beyond AMR, " Utility Automation, Vol. 7(5), September 2002, pp. 35-42. Available here.

III. Examples of RTCS Research at UofI (Feb. 12 - Mar. 19)

1. P. Oman, 1996 West Coast Blackout Post Mortem. Availabl] here.

1. A. Canoy, L. Marshall, C. Thuen, & K. Watts, The SEL SCADA Training Rack. Available here.

1. G. DeRuwe, 2003 East Coast Blackout Analysis. Presentation available here and handouts here.

1. D.C. Flegel, R.O. Nelson, R.W. Wall, H.L. Hess, and B.K. Johnson, "An Analog Model Power System for Research and Classroom Use," Proceedings of the 35th North American Power Symposium, (October 20-21, Rolla, Missouri), 2003, pp. 439-445. The paper is available here, the presentation is here, and the user guide is here.

1. P. Myrda and K. Donahoe, "The True Vision of Automation" IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 5, No. 3, May-June 2007, pp. 32-44. Available here or through IEEE Explore when accessed from a UofI IP address at http://www.ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4216687&isnumber=4216322.

2. P. Oman & M. Phillips, "Implementing and Testing a Custom IDS for Substation and Process Control Systems," presented at the IFIP International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, (Mar. 19-21, Dartmouth, NH), 2007. Published as P. Oman & M. Phillips, "Intrusion Detection and Event Monitoring in SCADA Networks, " Chapter 12 in Critical Infrastructure Protection, (E. Goetz & S. Shenoi, eds.) Springer, New York, NY, 2007, pp. 161-174. Available here.

3. Student project 5 minute introductions.

V. RTCS Evaluation and Measurement (Mar. 24 - May 7)

1. D. Dolezilek, SEL Communications and Integration White Paper, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 2001, available from www.selinc.com/whitepapers.htm.

2. D. Woodward & D. Tao, Comparing Throughput of Substation Networks, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 2000, available from www.selinc.com/techpprs.htm.

3. D. Woodward, The Hows and Whys of Ethernet Networks in Substations, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 2001, available from www.selinc.com/techpprs.htm.

4. G. Fairhurst, (An explaination of) Ethernet CSMA/CD, taken from eng.abdn.ac.uk, Spring 2007. Available here.

5. G. Scheer & D. Woodward, Speed and Reliability of Ethernet Networks for Teleprotection and Control, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 2001, available from www.selinc.com/techpprs.htm.

6. P. Oman, Network Load Characteristics (class handout). Available here.

7. G. Scheer, Answering Substation Automation Questions Through Fault Tree Analysis, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 1998, available from www.selinc.com/techpprs.htm. Annotated version available here.

8. [optional reading] G. Scheer & D. Dolezilek, Comparing the Reliability of Ethernet Networks Topologies in Substations Control and Monitoring Networks, Schweitzer Engineering Labs Technical Report, 2000, available from www.selinc.com/techpprs.htm.

9. Student presentations:

a. Jessica Smith, Radio Frequency Identifiers.

b. Brandon Arp & Damian Ball, Model Flight Controller.

c. Henry Egbo, AUV Inspections Planner.

d. Arun George, NIATT Traffic Logger.

e. Craig Craviotto & Zane Zapp, Pedestrian Button Networking.

f. Xiaohui He, SEL Relay Testrack.

g. Kane Grzebielski, SEL 2030 Self-training.

h. Ilyas Djafri, Motion Activated Webcams, (report & spreadsheet).

i. Caleb Carter, Model Space Elevator.

Important Dates:

Feb. 12: Last day to drop with receiving a "W" grade.