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HTML is an acronym for HyperText Markup Language.
Why HTML?
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A means to spread information. Originated at CERN.
Platform independent, unlike major word processors.
Text files, nothing proprietary.
Markup languages are not programming languages as such,
although some languages provide the ability to do many
programming tasks.
Other Markup Languages
- RunOff
- troff
- Scribe
- TeX/LaTeX
- PostScript
- DHTML
- XML
HTML Documents
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Documents are text files containing HTML Tags.
Typical file extensions: html, htm, and asp.
HTML Basics
- Tags are used to specify how things are to look and behave.
- Tags (commands) start with < and end with >.
- Start tags look like < XX>
- End tags look like < /XX>, where XX represents an HTML command.
- Tags are supposed to be case insensitive.
Titles
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Each page should have a title. The title is displayed in
the window title of most browsers.
< title >
< /title >
Comments
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Comments may be placed in HTML documents.
Comments begin with <!-- and end with -->
Headings
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Start: < Hn>
End: < /Hn>
Paragraphs/Breaks
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break: < br>
paragraph: < p>
Headings
Style Tags
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There are several important text style tags.
- This is a bold statement.
- This is an italicized statement.
Bold: < b>
Italic: < i>
Example:
Lists
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Several types of lists are supported by HTML.
- Unordered
- < UL>
- < /UL>
- < LI> starts a list item.
- Example:
- Item 1
- Item 2
- Ordered
- < OL>
- < /OL>
- < LI> starts a list item.
- Example:
- Item 1
- Item 2
Links
- External
< A HREF="http://www.cnn.com"> CNN On-line</A>
CNN On-line - Internal
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Jump:
< A HREF="#Top">
Jump to TopMark jump point:
< a name="#Top"> < /A>
Embedding Pictures/Sound
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Embedding pictures (images) is very easy---the hardest part is
getting the image into the right format and linking to it.
To display the image above, the following commands were used
< img src="../javaimages/javalogo52x88.gif" alt="Java Logo" align=center>
Backgrounds
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Backgrounds may be set in a manner similar to the display of
images. For example, the background for this page was set
using the following command.
< body background ="../images/bluegrid.gif">
Color Tags
Java
< applet code="estPi.class" width=400 height=390>
To see this applet, you must enable Java.
< /applet>